Symptoms of Psoriatic Arthritis

Learn about the early and common signs of psoriatic arthritis, and when to seek help.

Psoriatic arthritis is a long‑term inflammatory condition that affects joints, tendons and ligaments. It is linked to psoriasis, but joint symptoms can start before skin symptoms, or when psoriasis is very mild.

Symptoms vary from person to person. Some people have mild symptoms that come and go, while others experience ongoing pain, stiffness and fatigue.

Recognising symptoms early is important, as early treatment can help prevent joint damage.

Common symptoms

Joint pain and swelling

• Painful, swollen joints

• Joints may feel warm or tender

• Symptoms can affect one joint or many

• Commonly affected areas include:

  • Fingers and toes

  • Knees

  • Ankles

  • Wrists

Stiffness, especially in the morning

• Stiffness that lasts more than 30 minutes after waking

• Stiffness after sitting still or resting

• Movement may feel difficult or painful at first, then ease with activity

Swollen fingers or toes (“sausage digits”)

• Whole fingers or toes may become swollen and painful

• This swelling can limit movement and grip

Pain in tendons and ligaments

Psoriatic arthritis can cause inflammation where tendons and ligaments attach to bone.

This may cause pain:

• At the heel (Achilles tendon)

• On the sole of the foot

• Around the elbow

• Around the knee

Fatigue

• Ongoing tiredness that doesn’t improve with rest

• Fatigue may be linked to inflammation, pain, or disrupted sleep

• This can affect concentration, mood and daily activities

Skin and nail changes

Many people with psoriatic arthritis also have psoriasis.

You may notice:

• Patches of red, scaly skin (which may appear dark brown, purple, or greyish on darker skin)

• Itching or soreness

• Nail changes such as:

  • Pitting (small dents)

  • Thickening

  • Nails lifting away from the nail bed

Skin and joint symptoms do not always flare at the same time.

Symptoms can flare and settle

Psoriatic arthritis often follows a relapsing pattern, with:

• Periods where symptoms are worse (flares)

• Periods where symptoms improve (remission)

Triggers can vary and may include:

• Illness or infection

• Stress

• Injury

• Changes in treatment

When to speak to your GP

You should contact your GP if:

• You have psoriasis and develop joint pain, swelling or stiffness

• You have ongoing joint symptoms without a clear cause

• Symptoms are affecting your work, sleep or daily life

You may be referred to a rheumatology specialist for assessment.

Supporting someone with psoriatic arthritis

If you support someone with psoriatic arthritis, it's important to remember that:

• Pain and fatigue may not be visible

• Symptoms can change from day to day

• Emotional support and understanding are vital

Learning about the condition can help you support them more confidently.

Key points to remember

• Psoriatic arthritis is not just joint pain — it’s a whole‑body inflammatory condition

• Symptoms can appear before a formal diagnosis

• Early assessment and treatment matter

• Support is available through the NHS